Fireworks Safety Month: Ensuring Eye Safety During Summer Celebrations

The Hazards of Fireworks Displays

Fireworks are a beloved aspect of many festive events, particularly throughout the summer months. Yet, despite their visual appeal, fireworks present considerable dangers, especially to the eyes. 16% of all fireworks-related injuries impact the eyes, highlighting the critical need for safety and protective measures during these displays. These injuries can vary from minor irritations to serious burns, and in severe cases, can result in substantial eye damage or even vision loss. Here are some of the most frequent eye injuries caused by fireworks: 

• Burns and Thermal Injuries: The intense heat from fireworks can lead to burns on the eyelids and the surface of the eye. Such injuries typically occur when fireworks go off too close to someone or when sparks fly and make contact with the eyes or skin. 

• Corneal Abrasions: When small particles from fireworks become airborne, they can enter the eyes and cause corneal abrasions or embed foreign objects in the eye. These injuries are not only extremely painful but also require prompt medical intervention to avoid further damage or blindness. 

• Blunt Force Trauma: Being struck by fireworks or flying debris can lead to blunt force trauma to the eyes. This can result in severe conditions like retinal detachment or globe rupture, which, without immediate treatment, may lead to permanent vision loss. 

• Chemical Burns: Certain chemicals in fireworks can cause serious burns if they come into contact with the eyes. This type of injury often results from handling fireworks without adequate protective gear or safety precautions. 

Who is Most Vulnerable to Fireworks Injuries?

While fireworks are a staple in many celebrations, they pose risks to all participants, including viewers.  According to the CPSC, adults aged 25 to 44 are the most frequently injured by fireworks, representing nearly 36% of all injuries. Children under 15 also represent a significant portion, accounting for 28% of the injuries. In terms of injury types, burns are the most common, making up 38% of fireworks-related injuries. Additionally, 30% of those suffered from contusions, lacerations, or abrasions, 26% are diagnosed with other medical issues, and 7% end up with fractures or sprains. The majority of “other diagnoses” pertain to eye injuries, which highlights the critical importance of adopting rigorous safety measures for both spectators and participants. 

Crucial Protective Equipment for Fireworks Safety

To mitigate the risk of eye injuries during firework displays, it is critical to use the appropriate protective gear. Fireworks can emit intense heat, bright flashes, and flying debris, all of which pose serious risks to your eyes. Protective eyewear serves as an essential barrier against these hazards, effectively reducing the likelihood of burns, impact injuries, and chemical exposure. Whether you are directly involved in handling fireworks or merely watching the spectacle from up close, donning protective eyewear is an essential, straightforward measure to ensure your eye safety. Key protective options include: 

Safety Glasses

Constructed from durable, shatter-resistant materials like polycarbonate, safety glasses offer robust protection against flying debris and impacts. They often incorporate side shields to prevent particles from entering from the periphery, making them suitable for both those handling fireworks and spectators. Available in various sizes and styles, safety glasses are designed to fit everyone comfortably, including children. 

Safety Goggles

Safety goggles offer a more comprehensive level of protection when compared to safety glasses because they seal around the eyes. This feature is particularly helpful when faced with high levels of smoke, chemical fumes, or an environment with potential sparks and small projectiles. They are indispensable for anyone close to fireworks, whether you’re handling them or a spectator. 

Face Shields

For full-face protection, face shields are highly recommended. They cover not only the eyes but also the nose and mouth, providing an additional layer of defense against potential hazards. Typically used alongside safety glasses or goggles, face shields are particularly useful for those directly involved in setting up or managing fireworks displays, safeguarding against larger explosions or misfired fireworks. 

UV-Protective Sunglasses

While primarily designed for sun protection, sunglasses with 100% UV protection also offer benefits during firework displays. They can shield your eyes from the intense light and glare and provide some protection against debris. For spectators positioned at a safer distance, UV-protective sunglasses are advisable to guard against bright flashes and stray particles. 

Best Practices for Safe Fireworks Handling

Ensuring the safe handling of fireworks is crucial to preventing injuries and making your celebrations enjoyable and secure. To minimize the risk of accidents, adhere to these essential best practices: 

1. Understand the Instructions: Always begin by thoroughly reading the manufacturer's guidelines for each type of firework. Adherence to specific handling and lighting instructions is vital for safety. Also, note the recommended safety distances and proper lighting techniques to avoid unexpected hazards. 

2. Prepare a Safe Launch Area: Choose a launch site that is clear of flammable materials such as dry grass or debris that could ignite. Opt for a flat, open space well away from buildings, vehicles, and onlookers. Always have a bucket of water, a garden hose, or a fire extinguisher accessible for emergencies. 

3. Wear Appropriate Safety Gear: Protect yourself by wearing safety glasses or goggles to shield your eyes from sparks and debris. Additionally, wearing gloves and long-sleeved clothing can protect your skin from burns and particles. 

4. Keep a Safe Distance: After igniting a firework, quickly retreat to a safe distance. Never attempt to relight fireworks that fail to ignite initially. Ensure that spectators, especially children, are kept at a safe distance from the launch area under close supervision. 

5. Light Fireworks Safely: Use a long lighter or a "punk" to light fireworks, keeping your hands and face as far away from the fireworks as possible. Avoid using matches or short lighters that might bring you too close to the fuse. Light fireworks one at a time to prevent confusion and mishandling. 

6. Dispose of Fireworks Responsibly: Allow fireworks to cool completely before handling them. Soak spent fireworks in water before disposal to prevent accidental ignition. Also, ensure you comply with local regulations for disposing of fireworks. 

How to Respond to Fireworks-Related Injuries

Despite taking all necessary safety measures, accidents involving fireworks can still occur. Prompt and correct responses to an eye injury can significantly lessen its severity and enhance the likelihood of a successful recovery. Here are crucial steps to follow if you sustain an eye injury from fireworks: 

1. Avoid Rubbing Your Eyes: Rubbing an injured eye can aggravate the injury, particularly if there are foreign objects or chemicals present. To minimize the risk of further damage, bleeding, and infection, it's essential not to touch or rub your eyes. 

2. Do Not Rinse or Apply Pressure: Avoid rinsing the eye, especially with any solution other than clean water, as this could spread harmful substances and worsen the injury. Similarly, applying pressure could intensify the damage, notably in cases of corneal abrasions or puncture wounds. Instead, gently shield the eye with a protective covering to avoid additional harm. 

3. Refrain from Taking Painkillers: Over-the-counter painkillers may thin the blood and increase bleeding. It is advisable to wait for a medical assessment before taking any medication to avoid exacerbating the injury. 

4. Seek Immediate Medical Attention: If you sustain an injury from fireworks, promptly visiting the nearest emergency room is crucial. You may be referred to an eye care specialist for specialized treatment, depending on the severity of the injury. 

5. Adhere to Medical Recommendations: Following your doctor's treatment plan is critical for your recovery. This plan may include taking prescribed medications, attending follow-up visits, and limiting activities that could strain the injured eye.